Imagine this: It’s the night before a major exam. You’ve dedicated hours upon hours to studying, but you’re struggling to retain everything. Your eyes are drooping, and your brain is in need of a break. But if you go to sleep now, how will you ever be prepared for the exam?
In this scenario, it would be beneficial to understand the process of acquiring knowledge. You might discover that endless hours of studying are not the most effective way to prepare for your exam. Instead, a good night’s sleep could be even more crucial for your success!
Have you ever wondered how individuals acquire knowledge? It takes place in the brain, of course—but what exactly happens to facilitate the acquisition of knowledge? And is there anything we can do to make the process easier?
Most experts agree that acquiring knowledge is primarily about memory. When a person encounters a new idea or activity, their brain stores the information in a neural pathway. However, this does not mean that the learning process is complete. The new information exists in the brain as part of short-term memory. Therefore, the brain will not retain the new knowledge unless it deems it valuable enough.
In order for new knowledge to be retained, it must become integrated into the brain’s long-term memory. For this to occur, the brain needs to determine that the information is worth keeping. Therefore, the question for learning—and teaching—is, how do we convince the brain that new information is significant?
Have you ever heard the saying “practice makes perfect”? In the realm of learning, this statement holds true. The more you practice a new skill, the more likely you are to acquire it. This is because the act of repetition signals to your brain that the skill or information is important to you. Consequently, it increases the likelihood of the new knowledge becoming part of your long-term memory.
Another strategy for acquiring knowledge is to connect a new idea to existing knowledge. When the brain recognizes a connection between a new idea and a concept you have previously learned, it is more inclined to store it in long-term memory. Have you ever had a teacher who encouraged you to relate a new idea to your existing knowledge? Now you know why!
Engaging in activities that involve critical thinking or problem-solving with new information can also enhance the learning process. This is why solving problems using newly acquired math concepts is so important! When the brain is actively engaged, it is more likely to retain the new information or skill.
Have you ever faced difficulties in learning something new? Most people have! In such situations, there are numerous techniques that can be helpful. Examining real-life examples of a new concept can make a significant difference. Additionally, discussing what you are trying to learn with a classmate can greatly contribute to the learning process.
Another effective technique is to observe an individual who is already an expert in the new concept. Request them to demonstrate their thinking process to you. This can assist you in approaching the new information from a different perspective, which may make it easier to grasp.
Here’s a helpful tip for learning: Instead of trying to cram all your studying into one session, try spreading it out over a few days. Take breaks in between shorter study sessions. Remember, learning is like exercising your brain, and rest is just as important as study time!
Give it a Try
Enlist the help of a friend or family member to try out the following activities.
- The human brain is truly remarkable! If you want to learn more about its incredible power, check out this article from National Geographic Kids. Share something interesting that you learned from the article with a friend or family member.
- Have you ever noticed that you learn better in certain situations? Do you find it easier to learn through hearing and seeing demonstrations rather than reading? As today’s Wonder highlights, do you remember things better when you can relate them to something you already know? Write a couple of paragraphs about how you learn and study to achieve your best performance in school or when acquiring a new skill. Share what you’ve written with a friend or family member and ask them about their own learning experiences.
- How do you prepare for a big test? People have different study methods. You can explore various study techniques on this website. Create a vibrant poster or infographic using paper, markers, crayons, or any drawing tools you prefer. Explain 3 or 5 study techniques that you plan to try before the end of the school year. You can even use Canva to create your poster or infographic. Share your creation with a friend or family member.
Sources of Wonder
- https://mcgraw.princeton.edu/how-people-learn (accessed 07 Jan. 2022)
- https://www.edutopia.org/blog/how-people-learn-evidence-based-paul-bruno (accessed 07 Jan. 2022)
- https://cft.vanderbilt.edu/guides-sub-pages/how-people-learn/ (accessed 07 Jan. 2022)
- https://www.sciencenewsforstudents.org/article/top-10-tips-study-smarter-not-longer-study-skills (accessed 07 Jan. 2022)
- https://learnersdictionary.com/ (accessed 07 Jan. 2022)
FAQ
1. What is the process of learning?
Learning is the process of acquiring knowledge, skills, attitudes, or behaviors through experience, study, or teaching. It involves the brain’s ability to process and retain information, which can be influenced by various factors such as motivation, interest, and prior knowledge. The process of learning typically involves attention, encoding, storage, and retrieval of information.
2. How does the brain learn?
The brain learns through a complex process involving neural connections. When we learn something new, the brain forms new connections between neurons, which strengthen with repetition and practice. This process, known as synaptic plasticity, allows the brain to adapt and change based on experiences. Neurotransmitters and hormones also play a role in facilitating learning and memory formation.
3. What are the different types of learning?
There are several types of learning, including declarative learning (learning facts and information), procedural learning (learning skills and procedures), associative learning (making connections between stimuli and responses), and observational learning (learning by observing others). Each type of learning involves different cognitive processes and neural mechanisms.
4. How does motivation affect learning?
Motivation plays a crucial role in the learning process. When we are motivated to learn, we are more likely to engage in learning activities, pay attention, and persist in the face of challenges. Motivation can be intrinsic (driven by internal factors such as curiosity or personal interest) or extrinsic (driven by external rewards or punishments). Creating a supportive and motivating learning environment can enhance the learning experience.
5. Can learning be improved?
Yes, learning can be improved through various strategies. Some effective techniques include setting clear goals, breaking information into smaller chunks, practicing retrieval and spaced repetition, using mnemonic devices, and seeking feedback. Additionally, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, getting enough sleep, and managing stress can also enhance learning and memory.
6. How does prior knowledge impact learning?
Prior knowledge plays a crucial role in the learning process. When we have existing knowledge and experiences related to a new topic, it becomes easier to understand and integrate new information. Prior knowledge provides a foundation for learning, helps us make connections, and allows for more meaningful and effective learning experiences. However, it is important to note that prior knowledge can also lead to biases and misconceptions, which may need to be addressed in the learning process.
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